1.
rhythm, beat, time, meter
The rhythmic pattern or beat in music. Also used more broadly for timing or tempo.
三拍子のリズムで踊る。
To dance in three-beat rhythm.
手拍子に合わせて歌った。
I sang along to the hand clapping.
拍子がずれているよ。
You're off beat.
2.
moment, occasion, chance
Used in the pattern ~た拍子に to mean 'at the moment when' or 'just as (something happened)'.
立ち上がった拍子に頭をぶつけた。
I bumped my head just as I stood up.
くしゃみをした拍子に腰を痛めた。
I hurt my back at the moment I sneezed.
ドアを開けた拍子に風で紙が飛んでいった。
Just as I opened the door, the papers blew away in the wind.
拍子 has both a musical meaning (rhythm/beat) and a temporal meaning (the moment when something happens).
COMMON COMPOUNDS:
- 三拍子: triple time; also used in 三拍子揃う (to have all three desirable qualities)
- 手拍子: hand clapping to a rhythm
- 拍子抜け: anticlimax, letdown
PATTERN:
- ~た拍子に: at the moment when, just as
This pattern describes something unexpected happening simultaneously with an action.