(ひょうし)

ひょうし
noun
rhythm, beat, time; moment
1. rhythm, beat, time, meter
The rhythmic pattern or beat in music. Also used more broadly for timing or tempo.
三拍子(さんびょうし)のリズムで(おど)る。
To dance in three-beat rhythm.
手拍子(てびょうし)()わせて(うた)った。
I sang along to the hand clapping.
拍子(ひょうし)がずれているよ。
You're off beat.
2. moment, occasion, chance
Used in the pattern ~た拍子(ひょうし)に to mean 'at the moment when' or 'just as (something happened)'.
()()がった拍子(ひょうし)(あたま)をぶつけた。
I bumped my head just as I stood up.
くしゃみをした拍子(ひょうし)(こし)(いた)めた。
I hurt my back at the moment I sneezed.
ドアを()けた拍子(ひょうし)(かぜ)(かみ)()んでいった。
Just as I opened the door, the papers blew away in the wind.

拍子(ひょうし) has both a musical meaning (rhythm/beat) and a temporal meaning (the moment when something happens).

COMMON COMPOUNDS:

  • 三拍子(さんびょうし): triple time; also used in 三拍子(さんびょうし)(そろ)う (to have all three desirable qualities)
  • 手拍子(てびょうし): hand clapping to a rhythm
  • 拍子抜(ひょうしぬ)け: anticlimax, letdown

PATTERN:

  • ~た拍子(ひょうし)に: at the moment when, just as

This pattern describes something unexpected happening simultaneously with an action.