()

とぶ
verb (godan)
to fly, to jump
自動詞 intransitivemovement
See also: ()ばす (transitive)
Conjugation
AffirmativeNegative
Present()()ばない
Present polite()びます()びません
Past()んだ()ばなかった
Past polite()びました()びませんでした
て form()んで()ばなくて
ている present()んでいる()んでいない
ている polite()んでいます()んでいません
ている past()んでいた()んでいなかった
ている past polite()んでいました()んでいませんでした
Conditional ば()べば()ばなければ
Conditional たら()んだら()ばなかったら
Volitional()ぼう
Volitional polite()びましょう
Potential()べる()べない
Passive()ばれる()ばれない
Causative()ばせる()ばせない
Imperative()()ぶな
1. to fly
Describes movement through the air, as done by birds, planes, insects, etc.
A bird is flying in the sky.
飛行機(ひこうき)()びました。
The airplane took off.
あの(とり)(たか)()びます。
That bird flies high.
I wish I could fly. I want to become a bird.
This airplane flies from Tokyo to Osaka. It takes about one hour.
2. to jump, to leap
Describes leaping into the air or jumping over something.
(ねこ)()んだ。
The cat jumped.
子供(こども)(たか)()びました。
The child jumped high.
(いぬ)(かわ)()びました。
The dog jumped over the river.
The children are jumping and running around happily.
The cat jumped from the table and went toward the window. It seemed to want to look outside.

Transitivity: 自動詞(じどうし) (intransitive). No pair verb. Pattern: X()ぶ (X flies/jumps).

Aspect:いる indicates ongoing action. ()んでいる = 'is flying' (progressive).

Common patterns

Orthography: sense 1 (fly) is always written ()ぶ. For sense 2 (jump/leap), the precise kanji is (), which contains the (あし) radical; ()ぶ is nevertheless common for jumping in everyday writing. Both are read とぶ and conjugate identically, so the reading never tells you which is meant.

Related: 飛行機(ひこうき) (airplane). Godan verb - past: ()んだ.