めでたい

めでたい
i-adjective
auspicious, joyous, happy
descriptiveemotion
Conjugation
AffirmativeNegative
Presentめでたいめでたくない
Pastめでたかっためでたくなかった
て formめでたくてめでたくなくて
Adverbialめでたく
Conditional ばめでたければめでたくなければ
Conditional たらめでたかったらめでたくなかったら
1. auspicious, joyous, worthy of celebration
Describes an event, occasion, or outcome that is fortunate and calls for celebration.
めでたい()だ。
It's an auspicious day.
Congratulations on passing — what wonderful news!
A celebratory gathering was arranged to welcome the new year.
2. naive, simple-minded, overly optimistic
Used ironically to describe someone who is blissfully unaware or foolishly optimistic.
あいつめでたいやつだ。
That guy is hopelessly naive.
With such naive thinking, you'll fail.
Thinking you alone will be fine — what a blissfully naive mind.

Usage

Sense 1 is the primary meaning, used for weddings, births, New Year, and other celebrations. The polite prefix お- is attached in the greeting おめでとう (congratulations).

Sense 2 is ironic and mildly derogatory. The phrase めでたいやつ or めでたい(あたま) means someone who is foolishly carefree or oblivious.

Cultural note

めでたい is strongly associated with Japanese celebratory culture. The word is connected to (たい) (sea bream) through the pun め(たい), making sea bream a staple at celebrations.

Common collocations

  • めでたい(せき): celebratory occasion
  • めでたい(): auspicious day
  • めでたく()わる: end happily