(じかようしゃ)

じかようしゃ
noun
private car; personal automobile; family car
1. private car; personal automobile; family car
A car owned by a private individual or household for personal use, as opposed to a company car, taxi, or rental vehicle. In Japan, private cars have white-background license plates, distinguishing them from commercial vehicles, which use green-background plates.
自家用車(じかようしゃ)通勤(つうきん)する。
To commute by private car.
田舎(いなか)では自家用車(じかようしゃ)()かせない。
In the countryside, a private car is indispensable.
結婚(けっこん)()に、自家用車(じかようしゃ)(あたら)しく()()えた。
Taking our marriage as an opportunity, we traded in our private car for a new one.
都心(としん)では駐車場(ちゅうしゃじょう)(だい)(たか)いため、自家用車(じかようしゃ)()たない家庭(かてい)(おお)い。
Since parking fees are high in the city center, many households do not own a private car.

Formed from 自家(じか) (one's own home/household) + (よう) (for use) + (しゃ) (car). A formal or written-style term; in casual conversation, (いえ)(くるま) or 自分(じぶん)(くるま) is more common.

USAGE:

  • Appears frequently on official forms (insurance, tax filings, registrations) where the distinction between private and commercial use matters.
  • 自家用車(じかようしゃ)通勤(つうきん) (commuting by private car) is a common phrase in employment and tax contexts — some companies offer a gasoline allowance for such employees.
  • The corresponding license plate color in Japan is white for 自家用(じかよう) and green for 事業用(じぎょうよう) (business use).

COMMON COLLOCATIONS:

  • 自家用車(じかようしゃ)通勤(つうきん): commuting by private car
  • 自家用車(じかようしゃ)所有(しょゆう)する: to own a private car
  • 自家用車(じかようしゃ)移動(いどう)する: to travel by private car
  • 自家用車(じかようしゃ)保有(ほゆう)(りつ): private car ownership rate

SIMILAR WORDS:

  • マイカー: "my car" (wasei-eigo) — more casual and colloquial, same basic meaning
  • 社用車(しゃようしゃ): company car — owned by the company, not the individual
  • 営業車(えいぎょうしゃ): business/sales vehicle — used for commercial purposes
  • 公用車(こうようしゃ): official/government vehicle — for public-sector use