1.
to hold, to carry
To have something in one's hands or to carry something. Physical possession or holding.
2.
to have, to possess
To own or possess something. 車を持っている (to have a car).
3.
to last, to hold up
For something to remain in good condition or to endure. この電池は長く持つ (this battery lasts long).
TRANSITIVITY: 他動詞 (transitive). No pair verb. Pattern: Xを持つ (hold/have X).
ASPECT: ている indicates resulting state. 持っている = 'has/possesses' (ownership state, very common).
COMMON PATTERNS:
- 傘を持っている (have an umbrella)
- 荷物を持つ (carry luggage)
- 車を持っている (own a car)
- 長く持つ (last long)
Godan verb: te-form 持って. Compare: ある (existence), 持つ (ownership/carrying). Sense 3 (last/endure) is intransitive usage.