(かた)

かた
prefix
one (of a pair); one-sided
1. one (of a pair); single; one-sided
A prefix attached to nouns to indicate only one of a pair or set, or that something is incomplete or one-sided. Often implies an imbalance or that the counterpart is absent.
片手(かたて)荷物(にもつ)()つ。
Hold the luggage with one hand.
片足(かたあし)()つのは意外(いがい)(むずか)しい。
Standing on one foot is surprisingly difficult.
(かれ)(はなし)片方(かたほう)意見(いけん)しか反映(はんえい)していないので、もう一方(いっぽう)(がわ)にも()いてみよう。
His account only reflects one side's opinion, so let's hear from the other side too.

A productive prefix meaning "one of a pair" or "one-sided." Attaches directly to nouns, especially body parts and paired objects, to indicate only one is involved.

COMMON COMPOUNDS:

  • 片手(かたて): one hand
  • 片足(かたあし): one foot/leg
  • 片目(かため): one eye
  • 片耳(かたみみ): one ear
  • 片方(かたほう): one side; one of a pair
  • 片道(かたみち): one way (trip)
  • 片思(かたおも)い: unrequited love
  • 片付(かたづ)ける: to tidy up; to put away
  • 片隅(かたすみ): a corner; an out-of-the-way spot

SIMILAR WORDS:

  • (はん): half — indicates an equal division into two (e.g., 半分(はんぶん)), while (かた) implies one of a natural pair
  • 一方(いっぽう): one side — a standalone noun/adverb rather than a prefix; used more abstractly

NUANCE:
When (かた) modifies a relationship or action, it often carries a sense of incompleteness or imbalance. 片思(かたおも)い (one-sided love) implies the feeling is not returned. 片付(かたづ)ける originally meant to put things to one side, hence "tidy up."