(さか)

さかん
adjective (na-adjective)
prosperous; thriving; active; enthusiastic
1. prosperous, thriving, flourishing
Describes something that is doing well and growing, such as an industry or business.
貿易(ぼうえき)(さか)んな(くに)
A country where trade is thriving.
この地域(ちいき)では農業(のうぎょう)(さか)んです。
Agriculture is thriving in this region.
江戸(えど)時代(じだい)商業(しょうぎょう)非常(ひじょう)(さか)んだった。
Commerce was extremely prosperous during the Edo period.
2. active, lively, vigorous
Describes active participation or energetic activity.
(さか)んに拍手(はくしゅ)する。
To applaud enthusiastically.
Adverbial form: (さか)んに
(さか)んな議論(ぎろん)(おこな)われた。
A lively discussion took place.
Modifier: (さか)んな + noun
子供(こども)たちが(さか)んに()()げて質問(しつもん)していた。
The children were enthusiastically raising their hands and asking questions.
3. popular, prevalent
Describes something that is widely practiced or enthusiastically embraced.
日本(にほん)では野球(やきゅう)(さか)んだ。
Baseball is popular in Japan.
この(まち)では(むかし)からお(まつ)りが(さか)んだ。
Festivals have been popular in this town since long ago.
この地方(ちほう)では(むかし)から漁業(ぎょぎょう)(さか)んで、新鮮(しんせん)(さかな)がいつでも()(はい)る。
Fishing has been thriving in this region for a long time, and fresh fish is always available.

(さか)ん is a na-adjective meaning 'prosperous,' 'thriving,' or 'active.'

Forms:

  • Adverbial: (さか)んに
  • Modifier: (さか)んな + noun

Conjugation:

  • Negative: (さか)んではない / (さか)んじゃない
  • Te-form: (さか)んで
  • Past: (さか)んだった

Usage pattern: More common as a predicate (〜が(さか)んだ) than as a modifier.

Common collocations: (さか)んな活動(かつどう) (active efforts), (さか)んな議論(ぎろん) (lively debate), (さか)んに(おこな)われる (to be actively conducted).