1.
germ, bacterium, microbe
Microscopic organisms, often disease-causing.
菌が繁殖する。
Germs multiply.
手を洗って菌を落とす。
To wash hands and remove germs.
乳酸菌
Lactic acid bacteria.
この食品には有害な菌がいない。
This food product has no harmful bacteria.
納豆菌や麹菌は、日本の伝統的な発酵食品に欠かせない菌だ。
Natto bacteria and koji mold are essential for Japan's traditional fermented foods.
2.
fungus, mold
Organisms including mushrooms and molds.
菌でパンが膨らむ。
Bread rises due to yeast.
カビも菌の一種だ。
Mold is also a type of fungus.
納豆菌や麹菌は、日本の伝統的な発酵食品に欠かせない菌だ。
Natto bacteria and koji mold are essential for Japan's traditional fermented foods.
菌 refers to microscopic organisms.
TYPES OF BACTERIA:
- 細菌 (bacteria - general term)
- 大腸菌 (E. coli)
- 乳酸菌 (lactic acid bacteria)
- 善玉菌 (good bacteria)
- 悪玉菌 (bad bacteria)
FUNGI:
- 菌(類) (fungi)
- カビ (黴) (mold)
- きのこ (茸) (mushroom)
COMMON PATTERNS:
- 菌を殺す (to kill germs)
- 菌が入る (germs get in)
- 抗菌 (antibacterial)