積み重ねる
つみかさねる
verb (ichidan)
to pile up, to accumulate
他動詞 transitiveaction
See also:
積み重なる (intransitive)
Conjugation
| Affirmative | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| Present | 積み重ねる | 積み重ねない |
| Present polite | 積み重ねます | 積み重ねません |
| Past | 積み重ねた | 積み重ねなかった |
| Past polite | 積み重ねました | 積み重ねませんでした |
| て form | 積み重ねて | 積み重ねなくて |
| ている present | 積み重ねている | 積み重ねていない |
| ている polite | 積み重ねています | 積み重ねていません |
| ている past | 積み重ねていた | 積み重ねていなかった |
| ている past polite | 積み重ねていました | 積み重ねていませんでした |
| Conditional ば | 積み重ねれば | 積み重ねなければ |
| Conditional たら | 積み重ねたら | 積み重ねなかったら |
| Volitional | 積み重ねよう | — |
| Volitional polite | 積み重ねましょう | — |
| Potential | 積み重ねられる | 積み重ねられない |
| Passive | 積み重ねられる | 積み重ねられない |
| Causative | 積み重ねさせる | 積み重ねさせない |
| Imperative | 積み重ねろ | 積み重ねるな |
1.
to pile up, to stack
To physically place objects on top of each other in layers.
2.
to accumulate, to build up
To gradually gather or amass things over time, especially abstract things like experience, effort, or achievements.
Usage: 積み重ねる is a compound verb combining 積む (to pile) and 重ねる (to stack, to repeat). The figurative use (sense 2) is more common than the literal use.
Transitivity: Transitive (他動詞). Takes を for the object being accumulated.
Aspect: 積み重ねている indicates ongoing accumulation or a state of having accumulated over time.
Common collocations
- 努力を積み重ねる (to accumulate effort)
- 経験を積み重ねる (to build up experience)
- 実績を積み重ねる (to build up achievements)
- 練習を積み重ねる (to accumulate practice)
Related: The intransitive form 積み重なる means "to pile up" or "to accumulate" naturally without an agent.