デッサン

でっさん
noun, suru verb
(pencil or charcoal) drawing; sketch; dessin
spokenwrittenarteducation
Conjugation
AffirmativeNegative
Presentデッサンするデッサンしない
Present politeデッサンしますデッサンしません
Pastデッサンしたデッサンしなかった
Past politeデッサンしましたデッサンしませんでした
て formデッサンしてデッサンしなくて
ている presentデッサンしているデッサンしていない
ている politeデッサンしていますデッサンしていません
ている pastデッサンしていたデッサンしていなかった
ている past politeデッサンしていましたデッサンしていませんでした
Conditional ばデッサンすればデッサンしなければ
Conditional たらデッサンしたらデッサンしなかったら
Volitionalデッサンしよう
Volitional politeデッサンしましょう
Potentialデッサンできるデッサンできない
Passiveデッサンされるデッサンされない
Causativeデッサンさせるデッサンさせない
Imperativeデッサンしろデッサンするな
1. a drawing study, especially one done in pencil, charcoal, or another monochrome medium as practice for capturing form, proportion, light, and shadow
Borrowed from French 'dessin' rather than English 'drawing'. In Japanese, デッサン specifically refers to a study drawing made for art training — typically a black-and-white rendering of a still life, plaster bust, model, or human figure that focuses on accurate observation of shape, volume, and shading. It is the standard word in the Japanese art-school context for the foundational practice of drawing from life. デッサン can be used as a noun, and as a する-verb meaning 'to do a study drawing'.
I practice drawing every day.
美術大学(びじゅつだいがく)入試(にゅうし)デッサンある
The art university entrance exam includes a drawing test.
I finished a still-life drawing of fruit using just a single pencil.
The teacher said that without solidly mastering the basics of drawing, free expression becomes difficult.

Borrowed from French 'dessin' (drawing). In Japanese the word is restricted to the academic, technical sense of a study drawing — typically a monochrome rendering done as training in observation, form, and shading. It does not cover casual doodles or finished colour artworks.

Usage

デッサン is the standard term in Japanese art education. Students at art high schools, art universities (美術大学(びじゅつだいがく)), and prep schools (美術予備校(びじゅつよびこう)) spend long hours doing デッサン of plaster busts (石膏像(せっこうぞう)), still lifes, and live models. It is also widely used in beginner manga and illustration tutorials.

Used both as a plain noun and as a する-verb: デッサンする 'to do a drawing study'.

Common collocations

Similar words

  • 素描(そびょう): sketch, drawing study — a literary native equivalent of デッサン, less common in everyday speech.
  • 下絵(したえ): rough sketch, preparatory drawing — refers to a preliminary draft for a finished painting or print.
  • スケッチ: sketch — borrowed from English; usually a quicker, looser drawing, often done outdoors or from life as a study or memo, without the rigorous focus on form and shading associated with デッサン.
  • 落書(らくが): doodle, scribble — casual, unstudied drawing; the opposite of the disciplined practice implied by デッサン.
  • (): picture, drawing, painting — the general native word for any kind of two-dimensional artwork.

Cultural note

In the Japanese fine-arts tradition, デッサン is considered the essential foundation of all visual art training. Aspiring art students in Japan often spend years in dedicated prep schools (美術予備校(びじゅつよびこう)) practicing デッサン before they can pass the entrance exams of leading institutions like the Tokyo University of the Arts.