(まれ)

まれ
na-adjective
rare; seldom; uncommon
formalwrittendescriptive
1. rare; uncommon
Not frequently occurring or encountered.
This is a very rare disease.
Talent like his is rare.
It's rare for snow to fall in this area.
(まれ)(れい)(おも)
I think it's a rare case.
Such an opportunity is uncommon.
It's a beauty rarely seen.
2. seldom; rarely
Happening on few occasions.
I'm late on rare occasions.
(まれ)しか()わない
We rarely meet.
I fail on rare occasions too.
I rarely get phone calls.

Common patterns

  • (まれ)な + noun — a rare ~: (まれ)(れい) (a rare case), (まれ)こと (a rare thing)
  • (まれ) — rarely, seldom (adverbial): (まれ)() (rarely seen)
  • (まれ)しかない — only rarely ~
  • (まれ) / (まれ)です — is rare (predicate)

Similar words

  • (めずら)しい emphasizes unusualness or curiosity value; (まれ) is purely about low frequency of occurrence.
  • めったにない needs a negative predicate; (まれ) also works in affirmative sentences.
  • たまに means "occasionally" — a low but ordinary frequency. (まれ) is lower still and treats the event as exceptional.

Register and writing

Formal and written-leaning: news reports, official notices, technical and medical description ((まれ)病気(びょうき)). In everyday conversation (めずら)しい and めったに are the natural choices. Often written in kana as まれ; (まれ) is an accepted variant kanji.