(つぶ)

つぶす
godan verb
to crush; to smash; to kill (time); to waste
1. to crush; to smash; to squash
To press or squeeze something until it is flattened or destroyed.
I crushed the empty can with my foot.
トマトを(つぶ)してソースを(つく)る。
I crush tomatoes to make sauce.
(だん)ボール(ばこ)(つぶ)してから()てた。
I flattened the cardboard box before throwing it away.
2. to kill (time); to while away
To spend time in an idle or unproductive way.
I killed time at a café while waiting for the train.
雑誌(ざっし)()んで時間(じかん)(つぶ)した。
I killed time reading a magazine.
(ひま)(つぶ)すために散歩(さんぽ)()た。
I went for a walk to kill time.
3. to waste; to ruin; to spoil
To destroy the value or potential of something.
I wasted a great opportunity.
才能(さいのう)(つぶ)すのはもったいない。
It would be a waste to ruin that talent.
無理(むり)練習(れんしゅう)(からだ)(つぶ)してしまった。
I ruined my body with excessive training.
4. to shut down; to close (a business)
To cause a business or organization to fail.
不景気(ふけいき)(みせ)(つぶ)した。
I had to close my shop because of the recession.
借金(しゃっきん)がかさんで会社(かいしゃ)(つぶ)した。
Debts piled up and the company went under.
経営(けいえい)ミスで老舗(しにせ)(つぶ)してしまった。
A management mistake caused the long-established business to close.

(つぶ)す is transitive (他動詞(たどうし)). The intransitive pair is (つぶ)れる (to be crushed, to collapse).

ASPECT ({ている}):
(つぶ)している indicates an ongoing action of crushing, or a progressive state of wasting.

COMMON PATTERNS:

  • 時間(じかん)(つぶ)す (to kill time)
  • (みせ)(つぶ)す (to shut down a shop)
  • (かお)(つぶ)す (to make someone lose face)
  • (こえ)(つぶ)す (to lose one's voice from overuse)

PARTICLE PATTERNS:

  • ~を(つぶ)す: The object being crushed/wasted
  • ~で(つぶ)す: The means of crushing

This verb is very versatile and appears in many idiomatic expressions.

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