(くだ)

くだり
noun
going down; down-train
1. going down, descent
Movement in a downward direction.
(さか)(くだ)
Going downhill.
(くだ)(らく)だ。
Going down is easy.
My legs hurt on the way down the mountain.
The descent took longer than the climb.
The descent on this road is steep, so you should walk carefully.
2. down-train (away from Tokyo)
A train heading away from Tokyo or a major city.
A down-train.
(くだ)()
To take the down-train.
(くだ)()いている
The down-train is not crowded.
There are few people on the morning down-train.
A bullet train heading from Tokyo to Osaka is a down-train, and the reverse is an up-train.
3. passage, section (of text)
A particular part or passage in a text.
この(くだ)()だ。
I like this passage.
There is an interesting passage.
This passage of this novel is my favorite.
I cried reading that passage of his letter.
The teacher read aloud a passage from the book and explained it to us.

(くだ)り is the noun form of (くだ)る (to go down). It has three distinct meanings: physical descent, train direction, and a passage of text.

TRAIN TERMINOLOGY:

In Japanese rail, trains heading away from Tokyo (or the main city in a region) are (くだ)り, while trains heading toward Tokyo are (のぼ)り.

  • (くだ)りの電車(でんしゃ): down-train
  • (くだ)(せん): down-line (track)
  • (のぼ)り: up-train (antonym)

TEXT PASSAGE:
Sense 3 refers to a section or passage of a book, letter, or speech. Often used with この(くだ)り (this passage) or ある(くだ)り (a certain passage).

COMMON PATTERNS:

  • (さか)(くだ)り: going downhill
  • (やま)(くだ)り: mountain descent