(やま)

やま
noun
mountain, pile, climax
1. mountain
A large natural elevation of the earth's surface.
(やま)(のぼ)
To climb a mountain.
Mt. Fuji is the highest mountain in Japan.
I camped in the mountains in summer.
The mountain air feels nice.
I can see mountains in the distance.
2. pile, heap
A large amount of something stacked up.
There's a mountain of work.
There's a pile of books on the desk.
The laundry has piled up like a mountain.
I have mountains of homework.
I cleaned the room that had become a pile of garbage.
3. climax, peak
The most intense or crucial point.
The story reaches its climax from here.
The climax of the match was in the second half.
We got past the critical point of the illness.
I got past the busiest period at work, so things got a little easier.
The climax of the movie is the last 30 minutes.

(やま) is one of the most fundamental Japanese words, with meanings extending well beyond the physical sense of 'mountain.'

SENSES:
1. Physical mountain or hill
2. A large pile or heap of things (figurative)
3. The climax, peak, or critical point of a situation

KEY EXPRESSIONS:

  • (やま)(): to make a guess, to speculate
  • (やま)()える: to get over the worst/critical point
  • (やま)ほど: a huge amount of, mountains of
  • (やま)(はい)る: to reach the climax (of a story)

COMMON COMPOUNDS:

NOTE: Mountain names use (さん) or (ざん) in on'yomi readings: 富士山(ふじさん), 高野山(こうやさん).