()える

みえる
verb (ichidan)
to be visible, to appear
自動詞 intransitiveaction
See also: ()せる (transitive (to show))
Conjugation
AffirmativeNegative
Present()える()えない
Present polite()えます()えません
Past()えた()えなかった
Past polite()えました()えませんでした
て form()えて()えなくて
ている present()えている()えていない
ている polite()えています()えていません
ている past()えていた()えていなかった
ている past polite()えていました()えていませんでした
Conditional ば()えれば()えなければ
Conditional たら()えたら()えなかったら
Volitional()えよう
Volitional polite()えましょう
Potential()えられる()えられない
Passive()えられる()えられない
Causative()えさせる()えさせない
Imperative()えろ()えるな
1. to be visible, to be seen
For something to be perceivable by sight. The spontaneous/potential form of seeing.
You can see Mt. Fuji from here.
(とお)(やま)()える。
I can see mountains in the distance.
I can't see it because it's too small, so please write it bigger.
見えない (negative) for 'can't see'
It's a night when you can see the stars well.
(きり)(なに)()えない。
I can't see anything because of the fog.
2. to appear, to look, to seem
To give a certain impression or appearance.
She looks young.
'Appear' meaning
He looks tired.
It looks easy, but it's difficult.
You look heavier when you wear those clothes.
(しあわ)そう()えます
You look happy.
3. to come (honorific)
Polite form meaning 'to come' or 'to visit,' used for respected persons.
The teacher has arrived.
Honorific usage
The president has arrived.
I think the department manager will arrive soon.

Transitivity: 自動詞(じどうし) (intransitive). Pattern: X()える (X is visible) / X()える (appear as X, look like X).

Aspect:いる indicates ongoing state. ()えている = 'is visible.'

Common patterns

  • X()える (X is visible)
  • (わか)()える (look young)
  • ()える (look like ~, appear to be ~)
  • ()なる (come—honorific)
  • ()えない (can't see, invisible)

CONTRAST WITH ():

  • (): active seeing/looking (transitive)
  • ()える: spontaneous/potential visibility (intransitive)

Parallel: ()()こえる follows the same pattern (hear → be audible).