受動(じゅどう)

じゅどう
noun
passivity; passive (grammar)
formal
1. passivity, being passive
The state of receiving action rather than initiating it. Describes a passive or reactive attitude or stance.
受動的(じゅどうてき)な態度(たいど)を改(あらた)める。
To change one's passive attitude.
受動(じゅどう)喫煙(きつえん)は健康(けんこう)に害(がい)がある。
Passive smoking is harmful to health.
いつも受動的(じゅどうてき)に指示(しじ)を待(ま)つのではなく、自分(じぶん)から行動(こうどう)を起(お)こすことが大切(たいせつ)だ。
It is important to take initiative rather than always passively waiting for instructions.
2. passive voice (grammar)
The grammatical voice in which the subject receives the action. Used as a grammatical term in Japanese language study.
受動態(じゅどうたい)の文(ぶん)を作(つく)る。
To construct a sentence in the passive voice.
日本語(にほんご)の受動(じゅどう)表現(ひょうげん)は英語(えいご)とは使(つか)い方(かた)が違(ちが)う。
Japanese passive expressions are used differently from English ones.
日本語(にほんご)では、迷惑(めいわく)の意味(いみ)を込(こ)めて受動態(じゅどうたい)を使(つか)うことが多(おお)く、英語(えいご)の受動態(じゅどうたい)とは性質(せいしつ)が異(こと)なる。
In Japanese, the passive voice is often used to express being adversely affected, which differs in nature from the English passive.

Usage

The na-adjective form 受動的(じゅどうてき) (passive) is the most common form in everyday use. The compound 受動(じゅどう)喫煙(きつえん) (passive smoking / secondhand smoke) is very widely known.

Common collocations

Similar words

The opposite is 能動(のうどう) (active). 消極的(しょうきょくてき) (negative, passive) also describes a passive attitude but emphasizes unwillingness or lack of enthusiasm, while 受動的(じゅどうてき) emphasizes simply receiving rather than initiating action.

Related Words

Antonym: 能動(のうどう) (active)
general
Added 2026.2.20 13:32 · Revised 2026.9.2 13:01
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