なんか

なんか
adverb, particle
something; kind of; like; things like (dismissive)
informaldescriptivegrammatical
1. something; somehow
Used when unable to specify exactly what.
なんか(へん)
Something seems off.
I have a bad feeling about something.
なんかあった
Did something happen?
なんか()べたい
I want to eat something.
I feel like I've heard it somewhere, but I can't remember.
2. kind of; sort of; like
A filler word adding vagueness to statements.
なんか(つか)れた
I'm kind of tired.
It kind of feels different.
なんか(むずか)しい
It's kind of difficult, isn't it?
なんか(たの)しくない
It's not really fun.
I'm kind of off today.
3. things like; such as (dismissive)
Used to downplay or dismiss something.
Someone like me couldn't do it.
Self-deprecating usage
I don't know about things like that.
I hate someone like him.
I don't need things like money.
I don't want to do things like studying.
I didn't want to come to a place like this.

なんか is a very common casual word with multiple functions.

Usage

  • Often used unconsciously in casual speech, similar to English "like" or "kind of": なんか、今日(きょう)(あつ) (It's kind of hot today, isn't it?)
  • 〜なんか: things like ~, someone like ~ (often self-deprecating), more casual than など

Register

  • なんか belongs to casual speech. In a 面接(めんせつ), a report, or anything you () formally, use (なに) for sense 1 and など for sense 3.
  • The dismissive sense 3 sounds rude when aimed at another person; used about oneself it reads as modesty or self-pity instead.

Similar words

  • なんて: close to sense 3 and also usable before a verb or a whole clause, where なんか cannot go
  • など: the neutral written equivalent of sense 3
  • (なに): the plain "something" without the vagueness or dismissal

Related Words

Synonym: なんて
Related: 〜など