向かい合う
むかいあう
verb-godan
to face each other
Conjugation
| Affirmative | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| Present | 向かい合う | 向かい合わない |
| Present polite | 向かい合います | 向かい合いません |
| Past | 向かい合った | 向かい合わなかった |
| Past polite | 向かい合いました | 向かい合いませんでした |
| て form | 向かい合って | 向かい合わなくて |
| ている present | 向かい合っている | 向かい合っていない |
| ている polite | 向かい合っています | 向かい合っていません |
| ている past | 向かい合っていた | 向かい合っていなかった |
| ている past polite | 向かい合っていました | 向かい合っていませんでした |
| Conditional ば | 向かい合えば | 向かい合わなければ |
| Conditional たら | 向かい合ったら | 向かい合わなかったら |
| Volitional | 向かい合おう | — |
| Volitional polite | 向かい合いましょう | — |
| Potential | 向かい合える | 向かい合えない |
| Passive | 向かい合われる | 向かい合われない |
| Causative | 向かい合わせる | 向かい合わせない |
| Imperative | 向かい合え | 向かい合うな |
1.
to face each other; to sit / stand opposite one another
For two or more people or things to be positioned facing one another directly. Also used figuratively for confronting or dealing squarely with a person, problem, or one's own feelings.
二人が向かい合う。
The two face each other.
机を向かい合わせに並べた。
We arranged the desks facing each other.
家族全員が食卓で向かい合って夕食を食べた。
The whole family sat around the dinner table facing each other and ate dinner.
自分の弱さと正面から向かい合うことは、誰にとっても簡単ではない。
Confronting one's own weakness head-on is not easy for anyone.
A compound verb formed from 向かう (to face, to head toward) and 合う (the reciprocal auxiliary suffix 'to do mutually'). The reciprocal nuance is essential: one-sided facing is 向かう, while mutual facing is 向かい合う.
USAGE:
- Physical meaning: two people, tables, buildings, etc. positioned facing each other. Subjects are typically plural or joined by と.
- Figurative meaning: facing up to or directly engaging with a problem, emotion, person, or one's past. Takes the object with と or と+正面から.
- The て}-form {向かい合って is very common as an adverbial: 向かい合って話す (to talk face to face).
- 向かい合わせ (the noun form with -aせ ending) means 'opposite each other (in arrangement)'.
TRANSITIVITY:
- Intransitive. Partners are marked with と, or both parties appear as the joint subject.
COMMON COLLOCATIONS:
- 正面から向かい合う: to face (something) head-on
- 問題と向かい合う: to confront a problem
- 自分自身と向かい合う: to face oneself
- 向かい合って座る: to sit facing each other
SIMILAR WORDS:
- 向かう: to head toward / face — one-directional, not reciprocal
- 対する: to face / oppose — more abstract, often in formal or literary contexts
- 対峙する: to confront / face off — stronger, often adversarial
- 見つめ合う: to gaze at each other — emphasizes eye contact rather than physical position