()

きる
verb (godan)
to cut, to sever, to turn off
See also: ()れる (intransitive), () (wear (clothes))
Conjugation
AffirmativeNegative
Present()()らない
Present polite()ります()りません
Past()った()らなかった
Past polite()りました()りませんでした
て form()って()らなくて
ている present()っている()っていない
ている polite()っています()っていません
ている past()っていた()っていなかった
ている past polite()っていました()っていませんでした
Conditional ば()れば()らなければ
Conditional たら()ったら()らなかったら
Volitional()ろう
Volitional polite()りましょう
Potential()れる()れない
Passive()られる()られない
Causative()らせる()らせない
Imperative()()るな
1. to cut, to sever, to slice
To divide something with a sharp instrument.
(かみ)()る。
To cut paper.
(にく)()った。
I cut the meat.
To cut vegetables into small pieces.
I want to go get a haircut.
My mother cut the fish into three pieces in the kitchen and shared it with me and my older brother.
2. to turn off, to disconnect
To stop the operation of a device or end a connection.
電話(でんわ)()る。
To hang up the phone.
電気(でんき)()った。
I turned off the lights.
テレビ()ってください
Please turn off the TV.
To turn off the lights before sleeping.
When the meeting ended, I hung up the phone and also turned off the lights in the room.
3. to break off, to end
To terminate a relationship or connection.
To stop talking to a friend.
I broke off the relationship with him.
To cut ties with a bad friend.
I cut ties with my old job.
I hadn't talked with my family for a long time, but that didn't mean I had cut off relations.

()る is a fundamental verb with many uses.

TRANSITIVITY:

  • 他動詞(たどうし) (transitive)
  • Pair: ()れる (intransitive, to be cut, to run out)

CONJUGATION (godan, r-column):

  • ない(けい): ()らない
  • ます(けい): ()ります
  • (けい): ()って
  • (けい): ()った
  • 可能形(かのうけい): ()れる

COMMON PATTERNS:

  • 〜を()る (to cut something)
  • 電話(でんわ)()る (to hang up the phone)
  • 電源(でんげん)()る (to turn off the power)
  • (えん)()る (to cut ties)
  • 期限(きげん)()れる (deadline expires - intransitive pair)

COMPOUND VERBS:

  • ()()る (to cut off, to clip out)
  • ()(ひら)く (to clear, to pioneer)
  • ()()てる (to discard, to truncate)
  • ()()える (to switch, to change over)
  • (おも)()る (to give up, to resign oneself)

IDIOMS:

  • (いき)()らす (to be out of breath)
  • (はら)()る (to commit seppuku; to take responsibility)
  • (いた)みを()る (to feel sharp pain)