1.
garden
A piece of ground used for growing plants.
庭に花を植える。
To plant flowers in the garden.
庭の木が大きくなった。
The tree in the garden has gotten big.
毎朝庭の花に水をやるのが日課になっている。
Watering the flowers in the garden every morning has become my daily routine.
祖父は庭で野菜を育てるのが好きで、毎日手入れをしている。
My grandfather likes growing vegetables in the garden and tends to it every day.
この旅館の日本庭園は百年以上の歴史があり、四季おりおりの美しさで知られている。
This inn's Japanese garden has over a hundred years of history and is known for its beauty in every season.
2.
yard
The area of ground around a house.
庭で遊ぶ。
To play in the yard.
広い庭のある家に住みたい。
I want to live in a house with a big yard.
子どもたちが庭で走り回って遊んでいる。
The children are running around playing in the yard.
天気がいい日は庭にテーブルを出して、外で食事をすることがある。
On nice days, we sometimes set up a table in the yard and eat outside.
引っ越した家には広い庭があったので、犬を飼い始めて毎日一緒に庭で遊んでいる。
The house we moved into had a big yard, so we got a dog and play in the yard together every day.
庭 refers to both cultivated gardens and general yard/outdoor space around a house.
SCOPE:
Unlike English, 庭 covers both "garden" (planted area) and "yard" (general outdoor space). Context determines which meaning applies.
JAPANESE GARDENS:
- 日本庭園: Japanese-style garden
- 枯山水: dry landscape garden (rocks and gravel)
- 茶庭: tea ceremony garden
COMMON COMPOUNDS:
- 庭師: gardener
- 中庭: courtyard, inner garden
- 庭先: front of the garden/yard
- 裏庭: backyard
COMMON EXPRESSIONS:
- 庭の手入れをする: to maintain the garden
- 庭に花を植える: to plant flowers in the garden